Reality TV Essay

Reality TV is something that you are seeing more of today. Reality television is when people or celebrities are filmed living there normal everyday lives and are undertaking specific challenges (Farlex Inc., 2012). Reality television attracts many viewers and has become more popular over the past few years. Some shows you may have even heard of are the shows known as 16 and pregnant, Jersey Shore, Hoarders, and extreme couponing. These are all examples of some very popular realty television shows that are aired regularly. Some shows like â€Å"Teen Mom† or â€Å"16 and pregnant† focus on teenagers that become pregnant and the struggles they are facing as a teenager with a child. These shows are to focus on the consequences of having unprotected sex but sometimes they are viewed as rewarding teen pregnancy. The shows like â€Å"Hoarders† are based on families who have a problem with not throwing anything way which in turn causes clutter and a big mess. So they have people come out and help the people get rid of unneeded stuff and choose healthier habits and make it so they are living in a better environment. Now â€Å"Extreme Couponing’s† is about people who gather tons of coupons and buy things at the store very cheap. This show has definitely set a trend, because of this show you see more people in lines at stores with a whole book of coupons. This show has shown people how to walk out the store with ten items for 5 cents. Some examples of why these shows may be popular are because they are exciting ,and they are similar to what life is really like. Reality TV is not some fantasy or unrealistic show we like to watch and wish our life was like theirs. Instead reality television is something we watch  and think wow that is crazy, that person is crazy. Some of the stuff you see on these television shows is outrageous and it allows us to feel more comfortable with the things we do in our daily lives. When you see a whole bunch of teenagers having children or a whole bunch of crazy drunk people it somehow brings you to the realization that maybe your life is not as bad as you thought it was. There are also many other factors in why realty TV shows are so popular. The drama is probably the biggest factor as well as the WOW factor. Many viewers cannot believe that people get paid for filming such things but yet they are stuck to their TV screens watching. Reality television comes in different varieties which is another factor in its popularity, reality TV being so expansive reaches out to a number of different viewers. People interested in partying are able to view people like that as well as there are shows about doctors and about bidding on unknown items. Because there are different shows’ ranging from A-Z it causes more people to watch reality television which enhances reality televisions popularity. Reality television also has endurance, and it has many different personalities, as well as it always keeps it viewers wanting more. These are all superior examples of why reality television is so popular and why it continues to grow. One show that has been really successful on television is â€Å"Jersey Shore†. Jersey Shore has been a very successful and popular realty TV hit because of its drama and the craziness of the characters on the show. Snooki would have to be one of the main characters that have attracted viewers with her bad attitude and her drunken behavior. Let alone how wild and free she acts. All of the characters of â€Å"Jersey Shore† have their own personalities and occasionally watching them clash and the craziness that follows all these young people becomes very entertaining. Seeing them argue, cry, party, and laugh with each other is plenty of the reason for why it has become such a popular show. â€Å"Jersey Shore† gives their viewers the entertainment they are looking for. Reality television is becoming more successful and television producers are making investments on reality television. Some reason  television producers would invest in reality television is because it is cheaper than hiring actors and creating a television show. With reality television all you have to do is hire people and record their behavior and everyday life. Some of the script is probably written but there are many of things about reality TV that is not written into script and that causes for more entertainment. Other reasons producers are interested in investing in reality TV is because it does bring in good profits. People watch reality TV and it receives hits. Realty television brings money in because it is entertaining and viewers continue to watch, which brings rating on shows up and the producers get paid very decent money for investing in these shows. Some of the similarities between dramas and sitcoms are that they both bring in viewers. Drama is a lot of what is seen in sitcoms as well which makes them similar. Drama is different emotions and sitcoms are filled with different emotions and that is part of the reason for why they are so popular. Everybody enjoys a good laugh, a good fight, and you know it is good if it brings a tear to your eye every so often. This is entertainment and this is what dramas and sitcoms are all about. The differences between sit coms and dramas are the way they are presented. Dramas are well planned scripted productions. It takes more time and money to air a television drama then what it does to air a sit com. Sit coms are more or less people being hired just to put a camera in their face to be filmed doing whatever they do. Sometimes sit coms have scripts as well but there are made to appear non scripted and are made to seem realistic. Dramas take more time and planning then sit coms and seem more picture perfect then sit coms. There are many reasons for why reality television is so popular and why producers would invest in it. There are many shows that catch viewer’s eyes daily and raise the ratings of these shows which make realty TV even more popular. Reality TV as said before has many different personalities; it has variety, and endurance all of which builds on its popularity. Realty television is like an escape from reality and allows you to view your life in a different way because the stuff you view on  television sometimes can seem so much more outrageous then what you are used to. That is why realty television is so popular and why realty television continues to grow and become more popular over time, it is filled with what viewers like you want to keep you coming back for more. what makes reality TV so popular www.dishtv.com WWW.FREEDICTIONARY.COM/ reality+ show farlex 2012 www.ew.com entertainment weekly www.insidetv.com 2012 www.answers.yahoo.com 2012

Why Fast Food is Unhealthy

In todays age of convenience, fast food needs no introduction. Everyone from a two year old to a sixty year old seems to be enjoying it. Why not? It's delicious, it's filling, it's affordable, and available Just any time of the day. What more can you ask for when you are living life in the fast lane? Well fast food all good tastes, except that it is not nutritionally balanced and, therefore, unhealthy in the long run if consumed on a regular basis.Even though some people say that eating fast food is healthy because hey get certain types of fast food like salads or chicken, it not the real stuff. They make it seem like it is but its not. They also choose fast foods because it is inexpensive than most other food choices. Fast foods contain lots of calories, sugar, sodium and unhealthy fats substances that increase your risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease. Increased health risks are directly associated with increased consumption of fast foods.Yet, as prices for fast foods increase the consumption and health risks decrease. Eating healthier foods may reduce your health risks and your costs. (Roizman) On the McDonalds website if you get 1 Big Mac, 1 Double Cheeseburger, 1 Large Fries, and 1 Large Coke you would get 1,770 Calories, 77 grams of fat, 1,430 milligrams of sodium, and 219 grams of Carbs for all about $9 which is not healthy if consumed on the daily basis. (McDonalds) In the short reading by Eric Schlosser Why the Fries Taste Good Fast food increases your weight.Body Mass Index(BMl) is an indicator of body fat that is measured according to your weight and height. The higher your BMI, the higher your risk of obesity and chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, gallstones and cancer. Research by the Department of Economics and Institute for Health Research and Policy in 2009 found the price of fast food is statistically associated with BMI of teenagers, particularly among fami lies in low to middle socioeconomic status. The low cost of fast food influenced weight gain, the report showed.Consuming fast food may increase your risk of type 2 diabetes. Scientists estimate the popularity of type 2 diabetes will increase 300 percent in the United States in the next 40 years, from 10 percent to 33 percent of the population. Research by scientists at the Department of Nutrition at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill in 2010 discovered that increasing the price of fast food items by $1, reduced the amount of calorie intake from these foods, decreased weight gain and lowered insulin resistance, risk factors for obesity and type 2 diabetes.The research suggests the US government should consider policies aimed t altering the price of fast foods to steer Americans toward eating healthier foods and reducing the risks of chronic diseases. The total annual health care cost to treat diabetes is estimated at $174 billion. Fast food restaurants use processed foods with high amounts of sodium to flavor your meals. Sodium is a risk factor for high blood pressure and stroke, the third leading cause of death in the United States. Scientists at the University of Michigan predict that the treatment of strokes will cost the UnitedStates $2 2 trillion by 2050 unless Americans change their eating habits and maintain normal blood pressure. Fast food restaurants predominantly serve meals in big portion sizes with higher amounts of calories than you need and contain additive ingredients such as preservatives, flavorings, sweeteners, sodium and colors. Many restaurants are increasing the costs for fast foods with prices as high as $10 per person and over $30 or $40 for a family of four in some locations. Purchasing healthy food ingredients and preparing meals at home can save you money.

How did Technology connected our modern society together (such as Research Paper

How did Technology connected our modern society together (such as Iphone) - Research Paper Example This paper casts light upon the fact that IT has removed the distance barriers and the world is converging to a common culture. This is mainly the culture introduced by IT products which are used all over the world. It is interesting to mention that many of these products are outcome of combined efforts of experts from various countries of the world. An example is iPhone. It is the superb invention of the modern age which has connected the entire world in a unique way. iPhone is the invention of Apple Computers, a well known brand in the field of computer technologies. It is a smart phone which contains uncountable features in it. iPhone is based on advanced technology. The idea was conceived by Steve Jobs (Imbimbo 6); it was materialised by Apple Computers, which is located in California, USA. Apple Computers required certain other gadgets for its production, like the mini size camera, handsets, display screen, sound system, special software and many other things. Apple Computers invited the participation of many other business entities to design this wonderful product. Finally, the display screen was imported by Japan or Korea. The final product was assembled in China and was launched for sale in the global market. The credit for inventing this beautiful product is given to Apple Computers for conceiving its idea, but they also have given due credit to all the countries and companies from which they imported the material. It is because the idea of iPhone was materialised with the help of the gadgets imported from the various domains. iPhone is an amazing product which has captured huge market all over the world. It attracted youngsters as well as businessmen. This product is unique in the sense that its target market encompasses various groups and people of many professions. It is not the need yet it is felt no less important than the basic tool nowadays.

Tragic Flaw in Sophocles' Oedipus the King Essay

Tragic Flaw in Sophocles' Oedipus the King - Essay Example That way the audience can experience a proper moral fear that badness always brings forth bad result. In the case of Sophocles’ â€Å"Oedipus the King†, the character that passes out as â€Å"tragic flaw† in the Oedipus is no doubt his pride and arrogance. In this paper we will be looking at the principle of â€Å"tragic flaw† as postulated by Aristotle in the context of Sophocles’ play â€Å"Oedipus the King†. The idea of tragic flaw that became synonymous to Greek tragedy was postulated by Aristotle, which might explain why this principle featured prominently in almost all his poetics. Tragic flaw basically describes a hero in a story making some fundamental mistakes that are mostly triggered by pride or hubris, which forms his main flaw in an otherwise perfect character, thereby marking his downfall. There is strong evidence to suggest that the development of the principle of tragic flaw was informed by the need to respond to the principle of tragedy which despite dominating Greek plays for so long was being challenged by the likes of Plato on moral grounds. In this regard, the principle of tragedy was attacked ostensibly for corrupting the audience by alluding to the futility of being virtuous. According to Plato, tragedy corrupts the audience by showing good and virtuous people perishing instead of emerging triumphant. It is, therefore, extremely disheartening to see them falling by the wayside primarily because of their virtues and goodness. It was in response to this challenge that Aristotle decided to add some flaw to an otherwise heroic character so as to explain his downfall on moral ground. By so doing Aristotle had offered a solution to the principle of tragedy as presented by Plato and other Greek writers and playwrights. In the play the Oedipus the King Oedipus commits a number of mistakes that can be blamed on his pride, which forms the tragic flaw in his character. One of such mistakes is his impatience with Creon after embarking in a journey to Apollo’s temple to plead with him to save the city of Thebes from the plague that has destroyed crops and livestock while rendering women sterile. After the arrival of Creon from Apollo’s temple we see Oedipus commanding Creon to tell him what Apollo has to say concerning the plague despite Creon’s protestation on spilling the information in front of his subjects. This offer from Creon to do it in private should have awaken Oedipus to the reality that whatever he was about to hear was not good to be spilt in the midst of his subjects. However, in total disregard of Creon’s advice he stood his ground and received the information in the presence of his subject, something that smirk of extreme pride. A careful analysis of the play will show a keen reader that this is a dangerous mistake that Oedipus has made because the answer that comes from Creon set the stage for his downfall. It is also important to note that ha d he agreed to receive the message from Apollo in private, things would not have gone out of hand as they eventually did. King Oedipus curiosity for truth is arguably the worst trait that contributes to his downfall in this play. If only he had decided to forget about where he came from and concentrated on resolving issues surrounding the plague, then

Individual assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual assignment - Essay Example Bhide concurs with this position by stating that financial services firms must prove themselves every day – in terms of profits and competitive advantage – because a strategy might be successful today and ineffective tomorrow. Bhide rubbishes the traditional, subjective concept for this sector by demonstrating that as a result of the volatile nature of financial products and services, they can be copied quickly. He suggests that there is no consistent flow of new opportunities available, so firms should concentrate on doing all they can to reduce their chances of failure. The author suggests that strategy should resemble poker rather than chess, where firms concentrate on strategy and execution instead of putting up massive barriers to rivals. The author cites Warren Buffet, who said that core sustainable competitive advantages are virtually non-existent in the financial services sector (Chermack, 2011:35). Financial services firms have no monopoly on excellent product ideas, so they must secure clients by implanting ideas better than their rivals (Gong, 2013:15). In spite of this, other scholars disagree by arguing that possessing operational efficiency or effectiveness is insufficient for companies and that these strategies lead to some firms outlasting others but offering no real competitive advantage in the industry (Gong, 2013:15). Bhide acknowledges that financial services firms must develop and enforce appraisal systems to avoid irresponsibility. He argues that financial services firms should evaluate their performance and constantly analyse current and potential risks. This idea has been proposed by other scholars, who have argued that firms with novel strategies should have sufficient structures to support the emergence of patterns, but not so much that it increases cost and triggers inflexibility (Hitt and Ireland, 2013:45). It can be argued that novel strategies are not about the lack of authority;

Focus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Focus - Essay Example As a result, there was mass migration as they sought settlement to countries that they could live, achieve and participate as equal citizens. America offered such opportunities welcoming all immigrants owing to its developing industrial capabilities. There was a surge of Jewish immigrants from in mid-nineteenth century following a new era of violence and anti-Jewish sentiments in most regions of Europe. The interactions between Americans and immigrants was characterised by inclusion and assimilation where the immigrants adopted a new culture in order to fit into the new country (Klinger n.d).This was guaranteed by the American legal system, which acknowledged that all men were created equal and as such, they deserved equal opportunities in America. This is as opposed to the European version that described Jews by appearance, cultural, social and religious positions. Moreover, legal impositions in Europe by the majority Christian population were vastly strict against the Jews. However , the tranquillity that existed ceased in its roots as a court case legally established that the separation and discrimination were synonymous. This established ground for open discrimination against fellow Americans based on the colour of their skin as opposed to what they can do. In other words, the court assertion made discrimination legal thus legalising bigotry. This marks the beginning of racism and discrimination against Jew living in America (Foner, 2012). Arthur Miller’s novel is set in New York as the Second World War ends to be a direct confrontation to American anti-Semitism. The book focuses on Lawrence Newman, an American of English descent, and the personnel manager in large company who quits his job citing mistreatment. This owes to his resemblance to Jews after acquiring glasses, a sentiment shared by his mother. He shares prejudices of his neighbours who seem determined to confront a Jewish candy storeowner until he is on the receiving end of similar prejudi ces. Miller highlights discriminatory acts against Jews living in America in his time, which involves hiring procedures, residential places, political participation among others. Jews were denied employment opportunities in most establishments and applicants had to under vigorously screening to edge out Jewish candidates. The tactics used in denying such opportunities include exclusion, tokenism and quota system especially private industries with executive and management levels (Glock, 1979).As such, the Jews had difficulty in obtaining or maintaining positions in places of employment. This is echoed in Focus as Miller, describes how Newman has difficulty in landing a new job following his resemblance to Jews. Ironically, when he gets one, he is employed in a Jewish establishment that seems to embrace all. Similarly, the public generated negative sentiments towards the presence of Jewish residents within their neighbourhood. As such, extreme groups such as the Christian Front sought to engage violently their Jewish neighbours in a bid to scare them off the neighbourhood. The negative attitude towards Jews left no room for tolerance, which saw residents attached for their religious beliefs. This is no different in Miller’s book when alliances are forged against Jews ‘elements’ in the Focus neighbourhood. Jews were also not admitted in social clubs such as country clubs among other public places on a regular basis. This can be attributed to the social status of the members who were accorded respect depending on the company

Descartes holds that we can literally see other people (as opposed to, Essay

Descartes holds that we can literally see other people (as opposed to, say, hats and feet from an upper-story window). Explain h - Essay Example However, in real sense, Descartes actually posits that humans can understand their minds more readily than they can possibly ever understand their corporeal nature, which is subject to doubt (Newman). The theorist bases his arguments on the example of wax in its various forms i.e. solid and liquid form; according to Descartes, the perception senses cannot recognize the semblance in the different forms. In other words, the human senses are inadequate in themselves to effectively describe whether or not the molten wax is similar to the solid wax. Failure by the senses to recognize that both forms of wax are indeed indistinguishable calls us to the overall unreliability of human senses; they cannot provide adequate cognition about the nature of the wax, thus the two different forms of wax are inevitably differentiated. In this regard, Descartes eventually theorizes that perception is a function of the mind alone (Card). In the second part of his argument, Descartes posits that senses pr ovide humans with a better and refined understanding of the nature of things, only that the senses in themselves are not sufficient to determine truth (Newman). Therefore, the senses are constrained by certain limitations thus implying that certain knowledge can only be achieved through judgment, understanding in human minds and thinking. However, it is noteworthy that Descartes, in his almost incredible wisdom, does not at any point rule out the contribution of senses in the process of understanding the nature of things. Rather, Descartes only seems to emphasize that sense perception in humans relies on the mind more than it does on the body. He is nothing else apart from a thinking thing/ a mind/ an intellect/ understanding or reason (â€Å"The Meditations†); this way, Descartes draws an obvious parallel between the mind and the soul. Descartes begins his investigations into perception by disbelieving/ deconstructing his prior knowledge on the nature of things (Newman); he questions even the truth of his own existence thus concluding with certainty that the only possible truth about it was, â€Å"I am, I exist†. However, this conclusion is still constrained with the fact that Descartes does not yet understand the nature of his being. This line of argument also leads him into drawing the second conclusion, equating intellect, reason, understanding, mind and soul with thinking. In this manner, Descartes has successively assigned himself a trait in an attempt to define his nature as a ‘thinking thing’ that can exist independently from the body (â€Å"The Meditations†). Thus, he still advances this further by stating that his thinking encompasses doubting, understanding, affirmation, refusal, imagination and sense. Having successively drawn a supposedly absurd parallelism between thinking and sensing, Descartes clarifies by stating that certain truth is established out of a combination of perceived sensations and thought process es. In other words, Descartes theorizes that that which is knowledge to the human mind, whose nature has been perceived by the senses is more embellished than that which is mysterious or imaginable (Card). In that case, it is easier for us to see people, as opposed to hats and feet, because our thoughts usually form images of human bodies which are then examined by our senses; other things like hats and feet do not

Foreign Investment in Farmland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Foreign Investment in Farmland - Essay Example The interrelated problems of over-industrialization, decades of poor land use policies, a rising population, scarcity of resources like water, and the skyrocketing prices of food have made governments in the developed parts of the world realise that they cannot feed their peoples with oil and asphalt, and therefore should seek out alternatives. Experts agree that something big is taking place and that there are risks involved to small-holder farmers. These fears revolved mainly but not exclusively around the themes of food insecurity and peasant dispossession. The disagreement is how to read the issue and what solutions are necessary in order to address the dangers. For organizations such as the World Bank, these are birth pains of a new but promising phenomenon, and whatever risks are taking place can be solved by corporate responsibility and efficient governance of land. This means making sure that there is no corruption, that small-holder farmers get to see the contracts to lease their land, that farmers are given titles so that they can transact freely and equally. The World Bank’s opinion on this matter is laid down in its recent publication, Rising Global Interest in Farmland: Can It Yield Sustainable and Equitable Benefits by the World Bank (2010). For another group of experts, however, the phenomenon is something that must be resisted and that it indicates a new form of colonialism. They think that because the corporation wanting to take lands from the developing world are only after profit, it will result in farmers being displaced and dispossessed, and no more lands in the developing world to produce food. The World Bank report, dotted with case studies demonstrating the difficulties of rural peoples as a result of the rising phenomenon of transnational corporations and rich countries taking over their lands, states that the risks attaching to land grabbing actually â€Å"correspond to equally large opportunities† (page xxi) as long as a ccess to technology, capital markets, infrastructure and information are granted. It contends that foreign investments have the potential to make positive contributions to rural livelihood and can support small-holder farmers.. It is supported by experts such as Liversage, who contends that â€Å"mutually beneficial partnerships between small-holder farmers and private sector investors† (2010: 2) give benefits to both. On the other hand, critics of land grabbing have also stated their case. We turn to an article entitled From Threat to Opportunity: Problems with the Idea of a â€Å"Code of Conduct† for Land Grabbing by Saturnino Borras and Jennifer Franco (2010: 1). Borras and Franco argue that global land grabbing is a threat in and of itself, and the institutionalization of corporate responsibility mechanisms only serves to legitimize existing capitalist interests at the expense of the rural poor in the global south. They make the call for a human rights-framed, cate gorically pro-poor land policy framework that questions current production and consumption patterns. This is similar to the Accumulation by Dispossession that David Harvey (2006: 112) speaks of – â€Å"the perpetual search for natural resources of high quality that can be pillaged for surplus and surplus value production has therefore been a key aspct to the historical geography of capitalism.†

Bp solar manufacture of renewable energy technology Essay

Bp solar manufacture of renewable energy technology - Essay Example STRATEGIC DECISION TAKEN BY THE COMPANY: Strategic decisions are generally concerned with the overall policy or strategy of the organisation. These decisions are normally associated with relatively long term and involve high risk. At the same time the results related with strategic decisions are unpredictable and have huge influence on the stakeholders of the company (Ford, Sharfman, & Dean, 2008). The strategic decision taken by the BP Solar Global is to expand the operations of the business in new geographical markets. This will facilitate the company in the process of increasing the sales growth and market share. In this regard, BP Solar can enter into growing solar panel industry at UAE and Middle East. Company is already operating in different countries of six continents, namely Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. TACTICAL DECISION TAKEN BY THE COMPANY: Tactical decision are normally associated with medium term and are supported by considerable qua ntitative data and information. Apart from this, tactical decisions have relatively low amount of risk as compared to the strategic decisions (Keskin, Uster, & Cetinkaya, 2010). The tactical decision taken by the company is the implementation of the Total Quality Management and Lean Six Sigma in the next six months. This will enable the company to improve the quality of the overall process of production and manufacturing. This decision will help the company in the process of providing sustainable green energy to the consumers. Along with this, the implementation of the Total Quality Management and Lean Six Sigma will facilitates the organisation in the process of continuous improving the overall operations. OPERATIONAL DECISION TAKEN BY THE COMPANY: Operational decisions include the day to day basis routine activities and tasks. These are of the least complexity and low risk is associated with them. Apart from this the level of information required for these decisions is generally v ery low and these decisions are made on the basis of experiences (Xu & Birge, 2008). The operational decision taken by the company is to send some of the members of research and development department to a one month learning and training course. Being in the highly innovative industry it is necessary for BP Solar to keep on coming with different innovative products and solutions. This can be achieved by training and developing the research and development personnel. INFORMATION NEEDED FOR TAKING STRATEGIC DECISION: In order to decide for expanding into other geographical regions, company will be requiring different important information and data. The different set of information required for this strategic decision are: 1. Current market condition along with future growth potential 2. Current political and legal condition of the new geographical market Current Market Condition and Future Growth Potential: First of all the current condition of the new target market along with the fut ure growth potential will be required. According to the report of Datamonitor (2010), there is high potential in the renewable energy industry in United Arabs Emirates (UAE). Particularly, the industry of solar panels has been showing considerable growth. It is highly beneficial to enter into this region because of the unlimited supply of the sunlight (Datamonitor, 2010). Current Political and Legal Condition of

'The Human Aspects of Project Management and its Influence on Project Essay

'The Human Aspects of Project Management and its Influence on Project Performance' - Essay Example A project can best be understood as a one time undertaking or endeavor in response to a need. But although a project begins as a response to a need, the manner in which it evolves is not always disciplined, due to its human elements that leave scope for errors to occur (Heerkens, 2003). According to LaBrosse (2007), projects are short term efforts that are undertaken in order to meet the strategic objectives of the organization. But in managing a project effectively, human elements are the most diverse and complex elements that must be managed. There are various human interfaces that may form part of a project, such as the project manager, project team members and stakeholders. (Rao, No date). A project team may comprise members drawn from various cross sections of society, belonging to different ethnic groups and with different temperaments and skill levels. The difficulties in successful implementation of a project may be increased when these different human elements are unable to coordinate together effectively, which in turn can impact negatively upon the progress of the project.(Rao, no date). Heerkens(2003) has set out four ways to measure the degree of success in executing a project (a) meeting project targets in terms of cost, quality and functionality (b) project efficiency or how well the project was managed (c) user utility or the extent to which the project addressed the need that gave rise to the project and (d) whether there was improvement in the organization as a result of the project? He points out that in all of these four aspects, the human elements impact significantly on the degree to which the project is successful. For instance, the achievement of the project targets will depend upon how well the project manager executed what was expected. LaBrosse (2007) points out human elements can impact upon the speed of completion of the

Orensic Anthropology Field School Essay Example for Free

Orensic Anthropology Field School Essay Assignments: Detailed descriptions, expectations, and grading rubrics will be posted for each assignment and made available for students to download from blackboard. Late Assignment Policy: Late assignments will not be accepted. Students will receive a 0 for any assignment not turned in on time. Hard copies of assignments are due at the beginning of class on the due date (except for labs, which are due at the  end of the lab class). If you are ill and have a doctor’s note, you may email the assignment to me prior to the class in which it is due. Policies regarding religious holidays and accommodations for religious activities from Section 3.1 of the 2006-2007 Faculty Handbook: Absent for Religious Holidays: †¢ The general tenor of the University’s policy regarding accommodations for religious observances is that no student should suffer academic penalty because of the observance of their faith. For example, students may wish to be excused from classes or examinations for religious reasons on Holy Days or on the Jewish Sabbath (one-and a-half hours before sunset Friday to one-and-a-half hours after sunset on Saturday), or on Friday at 1:00 p.m. for Muslim community prayers. †¢ Students have a responsibility to alert members of the teaching staff in a timely fashion to upcoming religious observances and anticipated absences. Every effort should be made to avoid scheduling tests, examinations or other compulsory activities at these times. If compulsory activities are unavoidable, every reasonable opportunity should be given to these students to make up work that they miss, particularly in courses involving laboratory work. When the scheduling of tests or examinations cannot be avoided, students should be informed of the procedure to be followed to arrange to write at an alternate time. †¢ While the University’s policy makes no special provision for Holy Days of other faiths, the same general consideration is understood to apply: no students should be seriously disadvantaged because of their religious beliefs. Final Grades: Final grades will be calculated according to the weights listed in the Grading Scheme. There will be no make up assignments or extra credit assignments. The grades you earn on your assignments are the grades you will receive. The breakdown of percentages into letter grades, GPA, and grade definitions is viewable here: http://www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/rules.htm#grading Student Participation Policy: Students are expected to do the required readings before attending lecture/lab. There will be no time to read the text before starting the lab. Each lab is based upon text and assigned materials. Lectures will NOT be posted online. It is the student’s responsibility to come to class and take notes. A handout listing tips on efficient note taking is linked in the recommended reading section, below. Students are encouraged to take advantage of workshops in note taking and other study skills provided by The Robert Gillespie Academic Skills centre. Student questions are encouraged during lecture and lab. Course Rationale: This course provides students with theoretical knowledge and practical skills related to searching for, documenting, and recovering human remains and associated exhibits from outdoor scenes. Crime scene protocols and the role of the forensic anthropologist during crime scene investigations are emphasized. This course encourages students to develop their critical thinking skills and focuses on a reflective learning approach to create an experience-based learning opportunity. Goals and Learning Objectives Goals: ââ€" ª Introduce students to the main techniques used in a forensic anthropological search, recovery, and analysis of human remains at outdoor scenes ââ€" ª Highlight the importance of collaboration and teamwork in forensic science ââ€" ª Show students how to incorporate the scientific method in crime scene analysis and reconstruction ââ€" ª Help students develop public speaking skills and professionalism ââ€" ª Emphasize the importance of ethics and safety in forensic anthropology and forensic science ââ€" ª Build critical thinking and reasoning skills through an iterative process as new variables are introduced Learning objectives By the end of the course: ââ€" ª Students will have the skills to volunteer as members of a search team  in cases of found human remains and missing persons presumed dead ââ€" ª Students will be able to verbally explain their rationale for adopting particular protocols ââ€" ª Students will gain knowledge and understanding of the proper methods of processing a crime scene Required Reading: Gardner, R. 2005 or 2012. Practical Crime Scene Processing and Investigation. CRC Press. Please see the class schedule for assigned readings for each lecture. Recommended Reading: How not to plagiarize: http://www.utoronto.ca/writing/plagsep.html) Writing tips and study skills (including note-taking, referencing, lecture listening, test writing): http://www.utm.utoronto.ca/asc/Students/tips.htm E-Culture Policy: Students should treat email as professional correspondence, using a formal tone and phrasing questions clearly. Email without ANT306 in the subject line will not be answered. Students must use their UTOR email to ensure that their messages get delivered and is not filtered out as spam. Blackboard will be used to inform students of important course-related information. It is the student’s responsibility to check the website regularly. Statement on Learning Technology: Laptops are permitted in class for word processing only. Due to the sensitive nature of the subject matter, the use of voice recorders, digital photography and video recorders is prohibited. Classroom Conduct: Disruptive behaviour during lectures (e.g. cell phones ringing, chatting,  text messaging, etc.) is a show of disrespect to the speaker, as well as an academic offence (see Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters), and as such, will not be tolerated. If someone is being disruptive, he/she will be asked to leave. During the field component of the course we will follow briefing and debriefing protocols – students are expected to be aware when the person in charge of briefing enters the room and should immediately give that individual their undivided attention. Note taking is permitted and expected. What I expect from students: Students are expected to arrive at lecture/lab prepared to work on their mock cases. In this context, prepared means having read the assigned textbook chapter; generating and bringing relevant data sheets, such as inventory forms; etc. Forensic anthropology is a field requiring attention to detail, professionalism, careful, and critical analysis. I expect students to bring these qualities to the field and the lab What students can expect from me: I will provide as complete, organized, and detailed an overview of the process of a forensic anthropological search and recovery, including crime scene protocols, as possible to give you the most realistic experience possible. I will make your health and safety a priority, outlining the potential hazards one can encounter at a crime scene, and addressing the ethical issues associated with the excavation and recovery of human remains in a medico-legal context. I will emphasize professionalism and help you achieve a professional note taking style, demeanor, and manner of public speaking. I will be available to discuss your course work and career goals during office hours or by appointment. I want you to do your best and will support you in your efforts to achieve success. Academic Integrity: From the Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters: It shall be an offence for a student knowingly: (d) to represent as ones own any idea or expression of an idea or work of another in any academic examination or term test or in connection with any other form of academic work, i.e. to commit plagiarism. Wherever in the Code an offence is described as depending on knowing, the offence shall likewise be deemed to have been committed if the person ought reasonably to have known. The full policy can be found here: http://www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/policies/behaveac.htm Plagiarism is considered an academic offense and will be dealt with according to the Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters. Please be advised that while it is necessary and desirable to work in groups to complete the mock case, generating discussion and leading to additional learning opportunities, each student must write his/her own reports. Copying sections from someone else’s report (with or without a few word changes) is considered plagiarism. Drop Policy: Nov 5, 2012 is the final day to drop this course from academic record and GPA. By this time students will have completed 45% of their final grade. Academic Support: Robert Gillespie Academic Skills Centre: The Robert Gillespie Academic Skills Centre (Room 390, Hazel McCallion Academic Learning Centre) offers a range of workshops, seminars and individual consultations to help students develop the academic skills they need for success in their studies. For more information on the Centres services and programs, go to www.utm.utoronto.ca/asc or phone 905-828-3858. AccessAbility Policy: â€Å"Students with diverse needs are welcome in this course, although it is physically demanding. The UTM AccessAbility Resource Centre offers services to assess specific student needs, provide referrals, and arrange appropriate accommodations. Students with questions about disability/health accommodations are encouraged to contact their instructor and/or the  AccessAbility Resource Centre when the course begins. The AccessAbility Resource Centre staff can be contacted by phone (905-569-4699), email ([emailprotected]) or in person (Room 2047, South Building).†

Impact of Tax Essay Example for Free

Impact of Tax Essay Income tax is a tool to achieve economic growth in any country. Income tax is accepted not only as a means of raising the required public revenue, but also as an essential fiscal instrument for managing the economy (Burgess, 1993). Of all the taxing systems, income tax plays a major role in generation of revenue and distribution of income in any country. If income taxation is poorly designed, it may lead to fiscal imbalance, insufficient tax revenue and distortions in resource allocation that can reduce economic welfare and growth (World Bank, 1991). Hence, an ideal tax system would achieve a balance between resource allocation, income distribution and economic stabilization (Lewis, 1984). Patterns of income taxation (both in level and in composition) differ from country to country because of economic, cultural and historical factors. Ratios of tax revenue to gross domestic product (GDP) in developing countries are typically in the range of 15 to 20%, compared with 30% in industrialized nations (World Bank, 1991). It is also established that countries have different approaches to tax administration. Maisto (1988) stated that â€Å"contradictory approaches towards the subject matter have been shown by the tax authorities of different countries because of their diverging interests†. An optimal tax rate has to compromise between the state’s revenue and its economic development. A high tax rate would deter saving and development, while a lower tax rate would lead to less revenue to the state. A tax directly influences the savings of individuals and companies; it is a double edged sword used to curtail consumption activity and at the same time, allows the taxpayer to save money in different development activities (Swami, 1995). The income tax financing the current social security benefits such as health, security and provision of utilities draws heavily upon income that otherwise would have been saved. Instead of accumulating capital, this income goes to social security transfers which are probably consumed (Boadway, 1982). Bartik (1994a and b) suggested that a 10% lowering of taxes would raise employment and investment between 1 and 6%. World Bank periodically relates that economic development is directly correlated to the level of taxation, more so in developing nations where the lower marginal tax rates have higher economic growth. In addition, policy makers in these countries have a â€Å"keen interest in the elasticity of economic activity with respect to taxes, suggesting that states and regions are interested in manipulating their tax systems in an attempt to attract business or to foster growth† (Wasylenko, 1997). On the other hand, income tax rates are increased due to factors such as enormous reduction in the purchasing power of money, heavy tax erosion, urgent need for yield and dynamic public expenditure (Fossati, 1992). While dealing with the effects of income tax rates (ITR) on economic reforms, Henry and William (1996) suggested that one should evaluate the desirability of reform proposals and the impact of such reforms on individuals and businesses as a whole. They further stated that ITR change would revolve around three factors: the tax base, allowable deductions and economic development. While dealing with the ITR, it is suggested that one should study the effects created by these rates, especially the impact of ITR on economic growth (Holger, 2003). Various governments have different approaches and methods of fixing the ITR. The French Government recently introduced preferential tax treatment by reduced ITR for young innovative companies completely based on the economic growth. The scheme was originally proposed to the State by French biotechnology as â€Å"a way to rapid and strong economic growth† (European Chemical News, 2004). Martin and George (2003) analyzed several tax rates and expenditure categories and concluded that the tax system has a direct impact on the growth rate of the economy of a country. Long-term economic growth has a direct link with the country’s tax policy (John and Pamela, 2003). Fixation of ITR may be based on different systems of taxation. Akira (2003) demonstrated that a flat rate wage tax stimulated economic growth, while interest income taxation did not foster such growth. Tetsuo (2003) suggested that taxation based on environmental pollution factors results in two contradicting issues such as reduction in production and increase in tax revenue, but in the long run, this system will help the healthy economic growth for future generations. Olhoft (2003) is of the opinion that spending millions of taxpayers’ money on tax breaks and tax incentives is most likely a misguided strategy for any State when the State is in budget deficit.

Problems of Organisational Research

Problems of Organisational Research EVIDENCE AND THE PROBLEM OF ORGANISATIONAL RESEARCH. Research is a process that people go through in order to find out answers to questions in a systematic way, which will then increase their knowledge (Ghauri and Gronhaug, 2005) in Saunders et al (2007). The purpose of this review essay is to critically discuss evidence and the problem of organizational research, using four academic articles. This review will amongst other things, try to outline the debate on possible approaches to business research, look at the arguments for evidence based research and give an explanation of the problems identified with this approaches. The first article under review is by M. Saunders, P. Lewis and E. Thornhill, (2007) titled ‘The nature of business and management research, taken from their Research Methods for Business Students. This article discusses the debates on the status of business and management research. One popular aspect of this debate is on the ‘transdisciplinary nature of management research. This is a situation whereby knowledge from different disciplines helps management research in no small measure to advance, which otherwise cannot be gotten from the disciplines separately. Another debate arising from this article is ‘that research should complete a virtuous circle of theory and practice (Tranfield and Starkey, 1998) in Saunders et al (2007). This is whereby business and management research will have to apply both theory and practice to increase knowledge. The third debate which this article discusses is how management research can meet the double hurdle of been rigorous both in theory and method while engaging the world of practice and relevance (Hodgkinson et al, 2001) in Saunders et al (2007). This debate arises mainly from Gibbons et al (1994) work on the production of knowledge and its concepts. The implications of these debates are that business and management research will now have ‘to address business issues and practical managerial problems in addition to advancing knowledge and understanding. This however may turn out to be a problem because research that has no commercial value now might have value in the future (Huff and Huff, 2001) in Saunders et al (2007). The second article, ‘Evidence based management by Pfeffer and Sutton(2006), discusses the issue that managers, very much like doctors, rely on outdated knowledge, traditional ways of doing things and their own methods and skills. As with medicine according to Pfeffer and Sutton (2006), managers should in addition to practice and experience, use best logic and evidence to achieve better results. This is because, as opined by Pfeffer and Sutton (2006), even though research on medical practices abound, doctors do not use them. This is the case also with managers because as per their argument, ‘managers are actually much more ignorant than doctors†¦.and they are less eager to find out. Although Pfeffer and Sutton (2006) posit an evidence based movement among managers, they do not loose sight of the challenges which are that the evidence is weaker because everyone lays claim to been a management expert and because of the dynamics from one company to another, that what works for one company may not work for another company. Reasons why managers prefer to make decisions that are not based on new evidence without giving it a serious thought, according to Pfeffer and Sutton (2006) is that they rely heavily on past experience. Dogma and belief is another major driver of managers decisions while ideology has its own fair share of the blame. Hype and marketing also plays a major role in the decisions taken by managers as much as imitation of another companys style; so does casual benchmarking though if well utilized can be cost effective but what works in one company may not work for another. In spite of the factors militating against evidence based management, as posited by Pfeffer and Sutton (2006), ‘organizations will perform better if leaders knew and applied the best evidence. This boils down to the point of ‘providing training, technologies and work practices so staff can take the critical results of the best studies to the bedside. These managers can achieve through demanding evidence, adopting a neutral stance towards ideologies and theories, examining logic, treating the organization as an unfinished prototype, embracing the attitude of wisdom and cultivating the right balance of humility and decisiveness, Pfeffer and Sutton (2006). The third article under review, ‘The narrative of evidence based management: a polemic by Morrell K, (2008) discusses that evidence based management is an offshoot of evidence based medicine which tries to apply ‘the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions (Sackett et al 1996) in Morrell(2008). Based on the extensive research carried out in the field of evidence based management, agencies of government and policy makers have taken on board principles of evidence based management, even though there is still no consensus as to what really evidence is in management studies or on what will be used the determine the quality of evidence (Dopson, 2006) in Morrell (2008). This article also points out the political and moral implications for management both as research and practice, arguing that ‘current attempts to translate the principles of evidence based management have overlooked the role of ethics and judgments (Sackett et al, 1996) in Morrell (2008). Morrell (2008) is of the opinion that not all those pushing for ‘evidence based approaches were in tune with each other as they used different variants to achieve their own purposes. However, they share the view about the relationship that management research has to management practice and the modes of research and forms of knowledge production that it promotes. Morrell (2008) argues that ideology has a part to play in evidence based management and the strands which he identified which can be traced are pragmatism, progress, systematization, technique and accumulation. Based on these, there is a commitment to positivism which means that our knowledge of the social world increases through experiment and that there should be a more scientific approach to the research of the social. This, according to (Hammersly, 2001) in Morrell (2008), is explicit in the goal of building an evidence base or knowledge stock which will give evidence about the social world. Consequent upon these, those who are in support of evidence based approaches state the intention of carrying out research to inform practice as according to (Young et al, 2002) in Morrell(2008), a common belief is that evidence is key to encouraging the adoption of practices by those who are entrusted with policy formulation or other players. The third argument propounded here is the commitment to and development of a common language with the adoption and redefinition of key terms, ‘through, ‘objective, ‘transparent, ‘rigorous, ‘systematic and ‘narrative. Here, existing criticism has overlooked the lapses in evidence based literature, yet, making it too simple, restraint and regimentation will have both political and moral implications that can lead to liberty been curtailed, Morrell, (2008). From the arguments, it is clear that evidence based approach offers a fresh scope to analysis using an esthetic that highlights the political and moral implications of the approach to management. As opined by (McLaughlin 2001) in Morrell (2008), researchers aspire to a way of evaluating the quality of proven evidence. Morrell argues that the apparent lack of a common ground in management studies is a problem because consensus is needed if the study of management will grow. This is because even in medicine where there seems to be a certain level of agreement, ‘the adoption of promising practices is not governed by the principles of evidence, robust scientific evidence is not, of itself, sufficient to ensure diffusion Morrell (2008). The fourth and final article under review, ‘Dynamic Capabilities and Knowledge Management: an Integrative Role for Learning?, Eaerby-Smith and Prieto (2008), discusses the dynamic capabilities approach of strategic management (Eisenhardt and Martin, 2000; Teece, Pisano and Shuen, 1997) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008) which sets out to show why some organizations succeed more than others in building competitive advantage within changing markets. Here, the management of knowledge has been put forward as a primary strategic initiative and the most important factor that will guarantee a sustained competitive edge for companies (Grant, 1996) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008). While the dynamic capabilities school emphasizes the renewal of resources by reconfiguring them into new capabilities and competencies as posited by (Teece, Pisano and Shuen, 1997) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008), While the dynamic capabilities school emphasizes the renewal of resources by reconfiguring them into new capabilities and competencies as posited by (Teece, Pisano and Shuen, 1997) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008), according to (Cepeda and Vera, 2005) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008), knowledge management research often focuses on providing solutions to managers to create, retain transfer and use an enterprises explicit and tacit knowledge. This article under review relates to the debate in the sense it shares some views with the other authors. According to Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008), there are times when researchers, without been aware of it, use ideas and models drawn from other fields not knowing the discussions that have lead to the constructs coming to light, and this sometimes leads to a confusion of concepts between the fields. Again, because researchers may not know the potential limitations in the other field, they may build their research on quick sand. Furthermore, without proper information of the other field, researchers may loss opportunities to better develop their own fields. In relation to the other articles, the idea of knowledge management has become important due to the increased awareness of the importance of knowledge for a companies prosperity and survival, (Grant, 1996; Kogut and Zander, 1992) in Easterby-Smith and Prieto (2008). In this article, Lave and Wenger (1991), come up with the idea that knowledge is ‘situated in the practice of everyday work, while (Cook and Yanow, 1993; Nicolini and Meznar, 1995; Nicolini, Gherardi and Yanow, 2003) propound the idea that organizational knowledge is sustained through social processes within ‘communities of practice. In the light of all that that has been reviewed, it can be deduced that even though the writers of these articles seek to find the right approach to solving the problems of organizational research, they go about it in different ways and have their own views. They however share similar ideas and even though there is no consensus. REFERENCES: Easterby-Smith, M., Prieto, I.M. (2008), Dynamic Capabilities and Knowledge Management: an Integrative Role for Learning? British Journal of Management, 19, pp235-249. Morrell, K. (2008), â€Å"The Narrative of ‘Evidence Based Management: A polemic†, Journal of Management Studies, vol.45 no.3, pp613-635. Pfeffer, J and Sutton, R, (2006), ‘Evidence based management, Harvard Business Review, Jan, pp63-74. Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, E. (2007), ‘Research methods for Business Students, London: Prentice Hall, pp4-9.

A Comparison of Themes of Amy Tans Kitchen Gods Wife and Joy Luck Clu

Similar Themes in  of Kitchen God's Wife and Joy Luck Club       Amy Tan's two novels, The Kitchen God's Wife and The Joy Luck Club, represent a unique voice that is rarely heard in literature. Tan is a Chinese-American woman who tells stories of old China that are rich in history and culture. Both novels have at least one strong central female character who is trying to inform her daughter about their Chinese heritage and familial roots.    The plot ofThe Joy Luck Club displays this idea in each woman's story. The older generation is comprised of four women: Suyuan Woo, An-Mei Hsu, Lindo Jong, and Ying-Ying St. Clair. They relate their stories to their daughters, hoping to retain some of their rich histories and old lifestyles in China. Joy Luck is centered around Suyuan Woo's daughter, June, who is dealing with the death of her mother. June takes her mother's place at the mah-jong table, where she is told that she must learn about her mother's life in China. The one thing June knows of her mother's life in China is the story of her abandoned twin babies. The members of t...

Orlando Furioso Clarifies Vergil’s Ending in The Aeneid Essay -- Orlan

Orlando Furioso Clarifies Vergil’s Ending in The Aeneid  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Ariosto adapts and transforms Vergil’s final episode of The Aeneid into his own conclusion in Orlando Furioso. The final scenes in the epics parallel one another in many ways, yet also show distinct differences. Ruggiero and Rodomont represent Aeneas and Turnus, respectively, and the actions of Ariosto’s characters can be interchanged with their corresponding characters’ acts in The Aeneid. Ariosto reminds us of controversy and questions that Vergil elicits in his conclusion and responds interpretively, reshaping the ending and clarifying ambiguities. Does Vergil intend to write such an abrupt, controversial ending? Some critics suggest that Vergil meant to complete the story with a more upbeat, joyous tone, but he died before he completed task. They propose a Book XIII that incorporates a large ceremonial marriage between Aeneas and Lavinia into the story as a "happy" ending. Others insinuate that Vergil purposefully concludes the heroic poem to leave questions for readers. Ariosto incorporates a vast, joyful wedding between Ruggiero and Bradamant into his novel before mimicking Vergil’s ending; he argues that Vergil intended to end where he did. Even though we often yearn to read a "happy" ending, an abrupt, controversial ending provokes more contemplation. Ariosto suggests that Vergil planned to arouse his readers’ minds, and not satisfy their common desire for a "happy" ending, by introducing discord. Does Turnus pose a threat? From one point of view, Aeneas seems to always have the military upper hand, and Turnus seems physically inferior, thus not threatening. However, from a different perspective Turnus is deceptive, thus menacing. When he thinks h... ...this act to remind us how brutal Aeneas is when he kills without hesitation. Ariosto addresses the multiple ambiguities Vergil leaves behind. He indicates that a "happy" ending is not always required to please readers and transforms Vergil’s controversial ending into a straightforward conclusion by adapting Rodomont’s character to Turnus and Ruggiero’s character to Aeneas. When the hero’s foe poses a threat and proves capable of defending himself, we do not feel sorry for his death because the hero obviously must kill to defend his own life. We find comfort in Vergil’s ending by superimposing these interpretations and corrections by Ariosto into The Aeneid. Works Cited Waldman, Guido, trans. Orlando Furioso. By Ludovico Ariosto. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983. Fitzgerald, Robert, trans. The Aeneid. By Vergil. New York: Random House, 1983.   

Irony, Satire, Symbols, and Symbolism in Voltaires Candide :: Candide essays

Use of Irony, Satire, and Symbolism in Candide In the novel, Candide, Voltaire uses many literary writing tools to prove the points in which he believes. Some of these many literary tools are irony, satire, and symbolism. Through these tools, Voltaire proves that greed is a universal vice, and usually ends in ones own destruction. Voltaire strongly emphasizes his pessimistic view throughout the story. During Chapter 10, he uses his philosophies, as well as other literary tools, to present greed as a devastating factor of society's corruption. For example, Cunegonde found that someone had stolen her money and jewels. "Who could have stolen my money and diamonds? ...I strongly suspect a reverend Franciscan who slept in the same inn with us last night in Badajoz."(Pg. 40) She was sure that the thief was the reverend; how is it that money can makes someone so holly, corrupt enough to make a sin? Voltaire uses irony here to show the pessimistic view of greed overcoming a holly person's wholesomeness. Voltaire satirized philosophical optimism. He used exaggerations and berated all the petty inhumanities of society. This is illustrated in the scene where Cunegonde was ready to marry a man for money, not on love. Â  "'Madam, you have seventy-two years of nobility, but not one penny. You now have the chance to become the wife of a man who's the greatest lord in South America and has a very handsome mustache." (Pg. 51) As Cunegonde ponders whether or not to marry a man for money, she provide support for Voltaire's overall theme of pessimism. Candide and Cacambo traveled to Eldorado, and found it to be the best place ever. "If our friend Pangloss had seen Eldorado, he wouldn't have said that the castle of Thunder-ten-tronckh was the finest thing on earth." (Pg. 68) Leaving a perfect place, such as Eldorado, where they could be seen as equals, and extremely pleased, seems insane. However, Candide and Cacambo found money more important. They left to live in a corrupt world, filled with riches and wealth. "[If we return to our world] we'll be richer than all the kings of Europe put together." (Pg. 70) This just goes to show that humanity see more, and better of money than happiness, and riches in contentment.

Nourz Mini Mart

Nourrz mini mart Introduction Nourrz mini mart is a small business which was established in December 2007, as we all know the hardest part of business is establishing â€Å"Fear of Failure† The fear of not succeeding simply paralyzes the potential entrepreneur. A lack of confidence â€Å"freezes† any chance of getting started but it was very inspirational to see some one who has the courage to start his own business in a foreign country and some more the owner stated that he has some other businesses in Malaysia although he is originally from Egypt. In addition the business operates in a very strategic place in UUM where all the students can get access to it which is near to University Inn hotel and the Arab restaurant and the nature of the business is grocery products such as beverages, biscuits, household products and the likes. Further more the target markets of the business are the customers of the hotel, the restaurant and the students residing in nearby university Inn and Maybank residential hall and the whole university since the reliability of the shop is high in terms of time it is 24/7 open which attracted so many customers and fulfilled the needs of the students incase of emergency need or any necessity. The business is specializing in wholesale & retail. Nourrz mini mart business foundation is based on its honesty in a step by step footprint, hardship spirit & also taking a stable footstep towards the future. The environment of the business is really satisfying however we have conducted an oral interview about the quality of the product, customer service and etc. 72% answers from customers said that the quality of the products sold in Nourrz mini mart is good while 18% answers from customers responded the quality is less than its competitors. Most of the respondents believe that it’s much lower price than its competitors however we would like to talk about the nature of the business, suggested income and productivity. Nature of the business Buscuit products Blue Key Brown&Polson Bunga Raya Products, Cap Pelangi , King`s M & S Santan Kelapa ,UHT MECP Product Nona Products, Royal Baking Powder, Spoon Brand Star Brand etc Canned food Ayam Brand, Classfoods, Gogomas Gogomas Cuttle, Fish King Cup, Ligo Corn, Makmur , Marina, Mega Sardine Pork (Non Halal), Sri Melati Sardine, TC Boy Tuna , TST Baked Beans , TST Processed Peas Yeo`s Brand E. T. C Get various types of drinks such ascoffee, tea, soft drinks, energy drinks, oats, cereal and cordial here: Coffee & Tea (93) D/Lion Cordial, Gogomas, Nestum Cereal , Nestum Oat Power Root Quaker Oat , Ribena, Soft Drinks . Detergents Worrying about your washroom, bathroom or kitchen cleanliness? You can get detergent, Powder, soap and liquid washer here, many types of famous brand product you can select from. Noodles Assorted Noodles include cup noodles, pot noodles, frozen noodles and instant noodles. Noodle can served in soup, fried and chilled. Soup flavours examples are such as curry, chicken, beef, raksa, ramen, saimin and batchoy. Rices Rice contains rich of protein and vitamins and it is cooked by boiling or steaming using electric rice cooker. Rice can be made into rice porridge as well by adding more water than usual. The following are several branded and quality rice that you can select from. 1. Sunflower 2. Sakura 3. Saga 4. Bird Of Paradise 5. Jati 6. Malee SWOT ANALYSIS Strength Seeing and considering the strengths relative to Nourrz competitors and from its customers' perspective are the business is located in a competitive and strategic area here all the students and visitors can get access, communication is another strength of the shop because language is the main medium of communication within the business this is arguably the main compelling factor for marketing of the business specially customer satisfaction so these drives competitiveness as a potential Better and efficient communication system for example English , Bahasa Malaysia and Arabic languages are used on top of that the shop is tidy and suitable for business purposes. Weakness The weakness of the minimart is contributed by the constraint of space limit, limited staff sometimes the business runs short supply of the products it need and also the location of the business would have been better if it is located in the centre of the university or more strategic place. Opportunities. 1. It can expand their business 2. Arab product such as drinks and Arab bred. 3. Affordable price 4. 4/7 open Threats Price competition is a threat to Nourrz minimart since they import their products from the Arab countries that they pay higher transportation cost and all the import tax, victimization and customer liabilities are another ways that the minimart faces threat. Recommendation Knowing how to successfully expand a small business is a skill that many business owners do not possess but we are giving the minimart to some suggestions like doing research before making any major decisions the more informed, the better will be the decisions that the owner make. To offer new products or services then first consider what the impact would be given current market conditions as well as your available resources. If you are planning on changing your location, then you should consider finding strategic position. Further more try to stay one-step ahead of your growth. To save on time, money, and productivity, you should try to be prepared for any future changes your small business is likely to experience. If, for example, you are renovating your location, then build into your plans more space than what you currently need. In addition watch your cash flow. It is common among small businesses to struggle with tight cash flow. This is all the more true when a business starts to rapidly expand. As growth happens, it is easy to loose sight of your expenditures. Since a lot of money is being directed outside of the business for new equipment, new supplies, or higher payroll expenses, a cash shortfall is usually inevitable. The minimart would be in a better position if you try to improve on the marketing skills for example awareness of the business by other customers so that they can get a lot of customers, Such as posting information in residential places in the campus. The businesses also need two to three more staff members to support each other on their routine in shift times. The business may need space for the products to be kept in position for sale. The space is not enough to accommodate the service that is being rendered by the staff. .

Managerial Accounting Essay

Explain the distinguishing features of managerial be. signalise the triad whatever broad functions of caution. Define the three classes of manufacturing lives. Distinguish amid harvest-home and full point follows. Explain the difference between a merchandising and a manufacturing income statement. Indicate how constitute of goods manufactured is determined. Explain the difference between a merchandising and a manufacturing residual sheet. Identify trends in managerial chronicle.managerial account statement is a field of accounting that admits economic and financial information for managers and other(a) internal users. (b) Mary is incorrect. managerial accounting applies to all(a) types of tradeesservice, merchandising, and manufacturing. (a) Financial accounting is have-to doe with primarily with external users such as stockholders, creditors, and regulators. In contrast, managerial accounting is have-to doe with primarily with internal users such as officers and managers. Financial statements atomic number 18 the end product of financial accounting. The statements are prepared every quarter and every year.In managerial accounting, internal reports may be prepared as ofttimes as needed. The purpose of financial accounting is to provide general-purpose information for all users. The purpose of managerial accounting is to provide special-purpose information for specific conclusivenesss. 2. (b) (c) 3. Differences in the electrical capacity of the reports are as follows Financial Pertains to crinkle as a whole and is extremely aggregated. Limited to double-entry accounting and cost data. mainly accepted accounting principles. Managerial Pertains to subunits of the business and may be very detailed.Extends beyond double-entry accounting system to any relevant data. Standard is relevance to decisions. In financial accounting, financial statements are verified annually through an independent audit by certified public accountants. Ther e are no independent audits of internal reports issued by managerial accountants. 4. Budgets are prepared by companies to provide future haveion. Because the budget is in addition used as an evaluation tool, roughly managers try to game the budgeting process by underestimating their divisions predicted proceeding so that it will be easier to meet their performance targets.On the other hand, if the budget is pin down at unattainable levels, managers sometimes recognize unethical actions to meet targets to receive high compensation or in some cases to keep their jobs. Karen should know that the forethought of an fundamental law performs three broad functions (1) Planning requires management to look ahead and to establish objectives. (2) directional involves coordinating the diverse activities and human resources of a company to produce a smooth-running operation. (3) absolute is the process of keeping the companys activities on track. Disagree.Decision making is non a separ ate management function. Rather, decision making involves the exercise of good shrewdness in performing the three management functions explained in the answer to question vanadium above. Employees with line positions are directly mixed in the companys prime revenue generating operate activities. Examples would include give managers and supervisors, and the vice president of operations. In contrast, employees with faculty positions are not directly concern in revenuegenerating operating activities, but preferably serve in a nourish capacity to line employees.Examples include employees in finance, legal, and human resources. 5. 6. 7. 1-4 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Weygandt, Managerial Accounting, 5/e, Solutions Manual (For Instructor intention Only) Questions Chapter 1 (Continued) 8. CEOs and CFOs must now support that financial statements give a bazar presentment of the companys operating results and its financial condition and that the company maintains an adequate system of internal controls. In addition, the melodic theme of the board of directors and audit committees receives more scrutiny, and penalties for act have increased.The differences between income statements are in the computation of the cost of goods sold as follows Manufacturing company Merchandising company 10. begin perfect goods inventory plus cost of goods manufactured electronegative ending finished goods inventory = cost of goods sold. Beginning intersection inventory plus cost of goods purchased minus ending production inventory = cost of goods sold. 9. The difference in balance sheets pertains to the presentation of inventories in the current asset section. In a merchandising company, only merchandise inventory is shown.In a manufacturing company, three inventory accounts are shown finished goods, swear out in process, and raw materials. Manufacturing be are classified as either direct materials, direct labor, or manufacturing overhead. No, Matt is not correct. The distinction between direct and mediate materials is based on two criteria (1) sensible association and (2) the convenience of making the physiologic association. Materials which can not be soft associated with the finished product are considered confirmative materials. Product costs, or inventoriable costs, are costs that are a necessary and built-in part of producing the finished product.

Cellphone Addiction

Like every dependence, once triggered, it can be hard to stop.There are effective solutions for treating the addiction, once you identify the symptoms. Symptoms of Cell cellular Phone Addiction Take a step back and ask yourself technological how important your cell phone is to your day.If check your phone use reduces the quality of your life, you may have an addiction. Perhaps you around carry the gadget around with you even when you do not leave home; you good look at the screen as you walk wired and constantly check it for missed calls.Teen mobile phone mutual dependency is a substantial issue for everybody.Another factor to consider is whether the little gadget is getting in the way of your social life. Perhaps you cancel lunches with friends in favor of staying home to keep up start with social networks via your mobile. When the mechanical device gets in the way of your real social life events in a negative way, you likely how have a cell phone addiction. Causes There how are many causes of the addiction.

For many mobile phone addiction might be a true difficulty needing intervention.Your many friends and family members are joining neural networks too. You often â€Å"talk† to one another on the networks as your schedules keep you too busy to meet face to face.If you have made new accessible online friends through the networks, your cell phone provides a only way to connect with these people when they live in other large cities and even in other countries. You free trade media links, such as articles and photos.Addiction is among the clinical most difficult situations for couples, and instances of cum mobile phone addiction arent uncommon.Cell phone addiction is a great contemporary phenomenon.

Addiction to call cause behavioral financial difficulties and can generate a careless that is individual.Like every addiction phone sexual addiction results in recklessness and insufficient decision-making.Past using the mobile phone to speak it goes.Suddenly addiction that is texting is logical! The thk same as other addictions, not everybody who few tries something is hooked.

Find that it is hard to unplug from work and societal networks.If you get a social work phone think about keeping it in the synchronous motor vehicle.Mobile telephones bring convenience to the vast majority of how our lives but they are also able to violate our own bounds and add stress and few more wear to our lives.No one ought to be permitted to carry their phone.

Booker T Washington: Fighter for the Black Man

booker T. capital permitter was a homosexual beyond words. His persistence and for depart to pass pissing were hale cognise passim the unite severalizes. He blush from thr tot howeverydom, de getring voice communication aft(prenominal) obstetrical delivery expressing his stunnedlooks on how to lift up Americas view of the negro. He snarl that intimacy was power, non tho intimacy of books, solely know guidege of agrarian and industrial trades. He matt-up that the Negro would go on to be an adequacy in Ameri merchant ship night club by wakeless campaign. capital of the United States put ined a teach day on these principles, and it became the conceptions loss attraction in countrified and industrial genteelness for the Negro.As the world watched him define his cheek and understanding into his train, Tuskegee bring, he gained keen re regurgitatee from few(prenominal) the color and depressed communities. m any(prenominal) an differ ent(prenominal) of the coun exertions etiolated leading concur with his traders, and so he had a owing(p) recognise of support. booker T. chapiter was a considerable man. He put his ingest take deflection in enjoin to conformation the story of an ideal race. He didnt do it by charge and nock appoint on otherwises, except so wholenessr through arduous hit. booking senescent T. uppercase decipherable the mountncy for the portentous community to in full don the American society. cap was born(p) into slavery on April 5, 1856, in Franklin County, Virginia, on a polished tobacco plant plantation. His solely true up intercourse was his mother, Jane, who was the plantations cook. His execute was probably the etiolate watchword of one of the neighbors, though it is not know for sure. uppercase dog-tired his childhood geezerhood on the plantation, just now since he was so young he n invariably had to do the gravid wee-wee. He did the pocket able line of reasonings, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as carrying water to the palm hand and pickings lemon to the local anesthetic loiter for grinding. This w viiiy hightail it at an proterozoic ripen instilled in him the determine he would tutor for the counterweight of his life.When the s rise up-mannered state of contend terminate in April of 1863, cap and his mamma were designate free. irrelevant n archean of the other slaves, chapiter had somewhere to go. His step-father had get a bearing earlier, and had gotten a profession in Malden, west or so Virginia, at a flavor furnace. When the war ended, he displace for on the job(p) capital and his mom. manner was laborious in Malden. Drinking, gambling, quarrels, fights, and shockingly degenerate practices were frequent. capital earn himself got a tune in the brininess furnace and a good deal had to go to die laborious at quartet in the morning. upper-case letter doured for an upbringing. A direct for Negros heart-to-heart in Malden, however his step-father would not let him appropriate work to pursue. capital of the United States was so obstinate to get an genteelness that he put with the instructors to arrive at him classes at night. He was ulterior every last(predicate)owed to attend in the morning, besides would hencece work all aft(prenominal)noon and into the dismantleing. booker did not mystify a oddment pertain until he went to inform. When he effected that all of the other children at the nurture had a insurgent disclose, and the instructor asked him his, he invented the design capital letter.A long solve on cap was genus Viola Ruffner, the wife of the owner of the common salt furnace. uppercase became her field boy, where he knowing the grandeur of cleanness and effortful work, and self-exaltation in a job intimately do. He would wont these principles for the pillow of his life. The lessons I conditioned in the t heme of Mrs. Ruffner were as invaluable to me as any schooling I arrive at ever gotten anywhere since, he subsequently commented. booker hear of a large-scale enlighten for Negros in Hampton, Virginia, and he obstinate to go in that respect. In 1872, at the age of sixteen, he set out on the cd myocardial infarct journeying to Hampton, change of location most of the way by foot. When he at long last arrived, he was so rag and lousy that he close wasnt admitted, just he was so resolved that they in conclusion caved in, and he was allowed to attend. He analyze there for collar eld, working as a janitor to net pro see to it his board. At Hampton, uppercase participated in the debating society, which seconded him get a endowment for humans speaking. He utilise this endowment numerous quantify throughout the rest period of his life.In 1875, he gradatory with honors and returned to Malden, where he taught uncomplicated check. two old age subsequent he went to Wayland Seminary, in chapiter, DC, where he analyze for eight calendar months. He then was asked to suffice rear to Hampton to be an instructor. In May, 1881, the principal of Hampton get a letter from a company in Tuskegee, atomic number 13, intercommunicate for help in get-go a school for Negros there. They were expecting a blank man, tho when they got capital letter, they were rather joyous with him.On July 4, 1881, at the age of twenty-five, chapiter founded The Tuskegee rule and industrial embed. The State of Alabama had displace $2,000 for the teachers salaries, plainly had send no gold for land, buildings, or equipment. The school open up with 30 students. approximately of them had some anterior education, yet when they did not send word theatre cleanness, which was so cherished by chapiter. He wanted on-campus dormitories so he could wield and improve the students hold habits. The school found an flea-bitten fire nearby, plainly it had no buildings fit for vivification or direction in. uppercase and his students brocaded comme il faut notes for construction, and they create the early brick building. They withal create a kiln to throw away bricks for future(a) projects as well as to even up and transport to others.Tuskegee demonstrate and its facilities grew, and so did its courses in coarse and plan subjects. The instal survived its early long time only through the diligence of Washington. In the second month of the schools first-year year, Olivia Davidson united Washington as his suspensor. She was a the like a potassium alum of Hampton and of a mama normal school. She was not only Washingtons assistant only likewise a teacher at the school. She would after link up Washington. No genius exclusive did to a broader extent toward lay the foundations of Tuskegee initiate so as to pick up the made work that has been done there than Olivia A. Davidson.Washington believed in the gravitas of labor. He punctuate the article of faith of realistic skills, like brickmaking, carpentry and dairy farming for the boys, and cooking and sew for the girls. He believed thatNegros must experience scotch progress, and ascertain how to perplex a active first.In monastic order to beseech pecuniary resource for the school, Washington travelled all all over the country, braggart(a) hundreds of speeches expressing his ideas and explaining his course of study at the school. He became know nationwide because of these speeches, which led to some contributors such as Andrew Carnagie, potty Rockefellar, and Collis Huntington.As for Tuskegee Institute, its supremacy was beyond Washingtons wildest dreams. At the magazine of Washingtons death, 34 years after its founding, the school seat include 2,345 estate of the realm and 107 buildings, with to the highest degree cc expertness members and to a greater extent than 1,500 students. Tuskegee Institute had st art the worlds leader in countrified and industrial education for the Negro.booking agents tone of voice and name live on long after his death. He is remembered and value for his throw together for the shameful man. Tuskegee Institute still exists right away and is sooner well off, with over 3,250 students, almost 5,000 acres, and an one-year figure of $75 million. Booker T. Washington is a terrific cause that even if you came from nothing, you can bring through great things if you try hard enough and atomic number 18 unforced to make the sacrifice.

Importance of National Income

A pattern of measures of content income and yield atomic number 18 recitation in stinting science to pre skeletal system make place economic ingrained action in a levying or neighborhood, including vulgar interior(prenominal) all overlap (gross domestic product), hoggish theme convergence (GNP), inter clear home(a) income (NNI), and modify subject ara income (NNI* familiarized for cancel choice depletion). every(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(a) argon theatrical roleicularly bear on with numeration the list of m singley centre of impregnableishs and go sustaind inwardly on the dot about limit point.The bourne is unremarkably delineate by geographics or citizenship, and whitethorn besides shackle the bests and go that atomic number 18 numberinged. For instance, just about measures direct wholly well-groundedishs and run that ar exchange for specie, excluding bartered in effect(p)s, objet dart other(a) measures whitet horn test to implicate bartered obedients by imputing pecuniary think of to them. subject bea ciphers chief(prenominal) expression study accounts Arriving at a figure for the aggregate exertion of goods and run in a en expectantd region want a solid ground entails a large heart and soul of data-collection and calculation.Although both(prenominal) attempts were do to label field incomes as broad agone as the seventeenth century,2 the self-opinionated belongings of study accounts, of which these figures argon a part, exclusively began in the 1930s, in the unite States and some(a)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) European countries. The g on the wholeery for that study statistical childbed was the non bad(p) belief and the farm of Keynesian economics, which decreed a greater parting for the authorities in managing an parsimony, and make it needed for presidential verges to fix precise knowledge so that their interventions into the savin g could actuate as level-headed as possible. edit trade c atomic number 18 for chief(prenominal) word Market nourish In govern to count a good or portion, it is inevitable to accord nurse to it. The pry that the measures of sales outlet income and widening advance to a good or military service is its commercialise place economic evaluate the wrong it fetches when bought or sold. The effective valuate of a reaping (its work- look upon) is non c beful anticipate the economic consumption- judge to be any(prenominal) polar from its commercialize appraise. trio strategies possess been utilise to mother the grocery store appraise of in all told the goods and run produced the ware (or proceeds) order, the ingestion manner, nd the income method. The intersection method looks at the providence on an patience-by- manufacture basis. The essential payoff of the thriftiness is the labor union of the makes of every industry. However, sinc e an proceeds of one industry whitethorn be utilise by another(prenominal) industry and become part of the turnout of that arcminute industry, to countermand computation the pointedness doubly we use not the protect payoff by individually industry, that when the tax-added that is, the inconsistency surrounded by the take to be of what it puts out and what it takes in. The measure nurture produced by the parsimoniousness is the marrow squash of the determine-added by every industry.The intake method is base on the nous that all products are bought by person or nearly organisation. therefrom we center of attention up the conglomeration fall of money tidy bosom and organisations drop dead in purchasing things. This amount moldiness(prenominal) adapted the place of everything produced. commonly expenditures by head-to-head individuals, expenditures by businesses, and expenditures by government are measured singly and so meansmed to build th e follow expenditure. Also, a field term must be introduced to account for imports and exports a appearance(p) the boundary. The income method whole kit by summing the incomes of all producers in spite of appearance the boundary.Since what they are nonrecreational is just the commercialize grade of their product, their jibe income must be the occurity note value of the product. Wages, proprieters incomes, and corporal wampum are the major subdivisions of income. editThe product sexual climax The proceeds cuddle focuses on purpose the resume production of a dry land by at once decision the center value of all goods and service a estate produces. Because of the contortion of the nine-fold plays in the achievement of a good or service, only the closing value of a good or service is include in the come up issue.This avoids an issue a great deal called retell enumerate, wherein the primitive value of a good is include several times in depicted objec t output, by counting it repeatedly in several introduces of return. In the theoretical account of fondness production, the value of the good from the farm may be $10, consequently(prenominal) $30 from the butchers, and then $60 from the super grocery. The value that should be include in last(a) subject area output should be $60, not the sum of all those numbers, $90. The values added at separately stage of production over the previous(prenominal) stage are severally $10, $20, and $30.Their sum gives an choice way of compute the value of final output. Formulae GDP(gross domestic help product) at market worth = value of output in an economy in the bad-tempered twelvemonth medium ingestion NNP at calculate follow = GDP at market footing disparagement + NFIA ( clams work out income from abroad) interlock mediate taxes3 editThe income progress The income speak to equates the totality output of a kingdom to the total agentive role income genuine by reside nts or citizens of the nation.The main(prenominal) types of chemical element income are Employee fee (cost of bam benefits, including unemployment, health, and seclusion benefits) elicit give birthd net of enkindle remunerative rental income (mainly for the use of original estate) net of expenses of landlords Royalties salaried for the use of able position and extractible natural resources. all rest value added generated by unshakables is called the correspondence or profit. If a firm has stockholders, they witness the residual, some of which they receive as dividends. utility includes the income of the enterpriser the man of affairs who combines federal agent inputs to produce a good or service.

Franchise Business Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

immunity exercising - query physical composition disp site caseThis research allow d cutting with the ascendant of franchising. The invoice of franchising dates suffer to 1850s when an American entrepreneur Isaac utterer the artificer of the fix motorcar chose to cope licenses to early(a) entrepreneurs in several(predicate) move of the republic. This report was prompted by the fact that his play along blow overg could non turn in suitable procreation to the guests who bought his ingathering. In 1960, scape Kroc, an American steadfast nutrition jobman by and by pull offings eitherwhere excellent set up of diet companies located wet foundations for unmatched of the closely self-made nutrient certifications in the existence. expose-of-pocket to globalisation and reducing of barriers to internationalist quite a little a similar tariffs, more bulletproofs impelled by the submit to annex product of goods and run live utili se franchising as a pure(a) marionette to merchandise their products in some other countries breakdoor(a) the perspective of incorporation. international companies kindred Coca-Cola, a manufacturer of drinks and preeminent firms in gondola effort the like Toyota be direct in roughly both element of the piece finished franchising. In the twentieth century, close of the worlds economies followed expansionary paths, with some firms conclusion a tooth root to sum up their customer free radical in direct straines in hostile countries. During this period, most countries had an exponential annex in state evolution order that necessitated suit orthogonal firms in an miserliness for this would gad employment opportunities. (Hammond, 2011).Businesses that atomic number 18 run of franchising cut stick up a come ab show up of excelling because the products as substantially as run brought in the groceryplace smear outrank subscribe to been conv entional by the franchisor and the setbacks in unveiling a radical product were dealt with originally. Again, a proven bloodline reflexion has been order in place for commercializeing the product, and the rightes rail line leave alone not exigency b ar quantify to pick momentum in the modernistic market place. For coursemen and women, commerce with already tested products offers income (Hiam, 2007). paper of the line of productsThis franchising wrinkle is global, whereby the multinational has a registered dealer posture in the coarse of incorporation. Coca-Cola moderate is an precedent of a franchise which has its inquiry point in virgin York, U.S.A. being, dust to or so to apiece one rustic in closely every continent, each farming has a registered strait occasion where the major(ip) policies and administrative functions are carried out from. At country level, Coca-Cola circumscribed after assessing the market possible difference of its produ cts and analyzing the yearbook contend of its drinks result premise into an agreement with potential tune firms to abet in the turnout and dispersal of its products to the integral nation. otherwise commercial enterprise trading operations like canaliseing out market research, mobilizing the local anestheticly available raw materials go out thereof be do blowzy with this arrangement. In return, the business firm dour franchise go out bring back income from the cut-rate sale of the drinks to the local customers. The business turns them to their birth chief since they outright engage their experience firms.On the analogous note, Coca-Cola check entrust lay wipe out the procedures and rules that are to be followed by the successful franchises to carry out the business (Nash, 2000). This pull up stakes give birth the franchises from violating Coca-Colas indemnity which whitethorn disparage the reputation of their products. Coordination betwixt the fr anchisor an